• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In order to reduce the deterioration of roadways and engineering structures, the legislator has laid down strict rules on the dimensions and masses of towing vehicles (1) equipped with semi-trailers (5, 80). A semitrailer (80) according to the invention solves the problem both with regard to the stresses on the roads and the ease of driving by a driver, by a particular arrangement of its three rear axles (8, 9, 10). .
    公开号:BE1025048B1
    申请号:E2018/5443
    申请日:2018-06-26
    公开日:2019-07-24
    发明作者:Marc Deltomme
    申请人:Delto-Pull Sprl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to the field of semi-trailers for a towing vehicle, such as for example tipping semi-trailers (that is to say provided with a bucket provided with a lifting device) of large dimensions. A semi-trailer is a road trailer intended, for example, for the transport of goods and whose particularity is to rest on one or more axles, at the rear, and on the tractor vehicle, at the front, by means of a platform called a fifth wheel, so that the tractor supports part of the weight of the semi-trailer and its load.
    State of the art
    The ever-increasing cost of labor and fuel leads carriers to resort to vehicles for the transportation of ever larger and / or more efficient goods.
    This logical trend in itself faces a logistical problem: the road network is less and less well designed for the circulation of "giant" trucks. The legislator has therefore enacted strict rules on the dimensions of such vehicles, axle loads, etc.
    In addition, these vehicles must remain manoeuvrable and adapted to the winding of current roads. They must also have easy access to the various places on a site where they must unload the transported materials. Calculation and statistics show that the passage of a loaded truck is equivalent to that of 10,000 cars from the point of view of the degradation of a roadway. Given the variety of types of trucks and trailers in circulation, the legislator had to decide. The maximum ground load of a vehicle is therefore calculated "per axle", an axle being defined as an axis carrying at least two coaxial wheels. The distance between two axles varies in
    BE2018 / 5443 depending on the diameter of the wheels and the load constraints. Legislation generally limits the maximum mass per axle to 10,000 kg.
    The problem is that all laws, rules and decrees are far from forming a coordinated whole (not to mention regional or national rules), to the point of formulating certain sometimes contradictory requirements, to the dismay of manufacturers, drivers, even verbalizing authorities who no longer know very well on what criteria they should be based.
    One of the rules to be observed is in any case based on the "Pont formula". According to this, the maximum mass M (in Kg) authorized for a complete vehicle (tractor vehicle + semi-trailer) and laden is obtained by the formula:
    M <17,000 + 2,700 A, where A is the distance (in meters) between the first axle of the towing vehicle and the center of the rear axle or rear axle group of the semi-trailer.
    We admit, for a group of two axles (sometimes called tandem or bidem), a maximum of 10 Tons per axle (applied in the vertical bisector plane to the respective axes of each axle). A group of three axles (tridem) is supposed to take a maximum of 9 Tons per axle (applied perpendicular to the median axle, normally on the horizontal plane which includes the axes of the three axles of the tridem).
    Summary of the invention
    The object of the invention is to provide a vehicle that meets legal standards while allowing a mass close to the maximum authorized (MMA), ie for example a total mass (MMA) of 50 Tons.
    The invention is defined by the independent claims. The dependent claims define preferred embodiments of the invention.
    BE2018 / 5443
    According to the invention, there is provided a three-axle semi-trailer for a towing vehicle, the three axles being constituted, in order and starting from the front to rear of the semi-trailer, of a first axle having a first axis, a second axle having a second axis, and a third axle having a third axis, the distance between the second axis and the third axis being greater than the distance between the first axis and the second axis. In other words, a semi-trailer according to the invention comprises two rear axles associated in tandem as well as a third axle, the axis of this third axle, parallel to each of the axes of the two axles associated in tandem. , being offset towards the rear by a distance greater than that of the center distance of the two axles associated in tandem.
    The advantage of this embodiment is that one can fully exploit the legal limit of 50 Tons, for a length that does not hinder the maneuverability of the vehicle.
    The semi-trailer is preferably a dump trailer, for example a tipping or push tipper.
    Preferably, the distance between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.1 m and 1.5 m, and the distance between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.6 m and 2.5 m.
    Preferably, the distance between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.7 m and 1.9 m, and is preferably 1.8 m.
    Preferably, the distance between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.2 m and 1.5 m, and is preferably 1.3 m.
    We thus remain within the legal limits decreed in particular in Belgium. The advantage is that the mass of the materials involved is limited. The tare weight of the vehicle is therefore reduced and the payload can be increased by the same amount. This also reduces the energy used for transport and CO2 emissions. Each meter gained on a vehicle also reduces the lines, the nervousness of the drivers and consequently the accidents.
    BE2018 / 5443
    Preferably the first axis, the second axis and the third axis are all located in the same horizontal plane. More preferably, the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are mounted so that the distance between the second axis and the third axis is fixed and in that at the distance between the first axis and the second axis is fixed.
    Preferably the wheels mounted on the first axle, on the second axle and on the third axle all have the same diameter.
    Brief description of the figures
    These aspects as well as other aspects of the invention will be clarified in the detailed description of particular embodiments of the invention, reference being made to the drawings of the figures, in which:
    Fig.1 is a schematic elevational view of a vehicle comprising a known semi-trailer;
    Fig.2 is a schematic elevational view of a vehicle comprising a semi-trailer according to the invention;
    The drawings of the figures are neither to scale nor proportioned. Generally, similar or identical elements are denoted by identical references in the figures.
    Detailed description of embodiments of the invention
    In order to clearly distinguish the characteristics of a vehicle according to the invention from those of a conventional vehicle, the two types of vehicle have been shown in parallel. The vehicle shown in Fig 1 shows a known solution: a tractor vehicle 1 is provided with three axles (2,3,4). The directional front axle 2 is that on which the steering wheel of the tractor vehicle acts and the two rear axles 3,4 of the tractor vehicle 1 are those supporting the front of the semi-trailer 5 via a fifth wheel system 6. In order to distribute at best the mass of
    BE2018 / 5443 the semi-trailer 5 and its load, the rear of the semi-trailer 5 rests on a group of three axles 7 (sometimes called tridem).
    When measuring the stresses to which the roadway is subjected when passing such a vehicle, it is considered that the load is applied in the median vertical plane of all the rear axles, whatever their number. In the case of a tridem, this median plane passes through the axis of the intermediate axle. Legislation allows 9 tonnes per axle, the distance between two adjacent axles being 1.35m or more. It goes without saying that each axle can have two or 4 wheels, without this changing the stress exerted by the corresponding axle. If we apply the Pont formula to the classic vehicle in Fig. 1 (M <17,000 + 2,700 A), we obtain either a poor loading rate or too long a semi-trailer.
    If we now move on to a vehicle fitted with a semi-trailer according to the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, we see that the inventor opted for another form of load recovery at the rear of the semi-trailer 80. The semi-trailer still has three axles, 8, 9, 10 but these are arranged quite differently.
    We find indeed, in order and starting from the front towards the rear of the semi-trailer:
    a first axle having a first axis 9, followed by a second axle having a second axis 10, these two axles being able to be considered as being associated to form a bidem 11, and
    - a third and last axle having a third axis 8.
    The distance (E) between the second axis and the third axis is greater than the distance (D) between the first axis and the second axis.
    Preferably E> 1.11D.
    More preferably E> 1.22D.
    Even more preferably E> 1.3.D.
    In all cases, it is preferably that E <4.D, preferably E <3.D, and more preferably E <2.D.
    BE2018 / 5443
    Preferably, the distance (D) between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.1 m and 1.5 m, and the distance (E) between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.6 m and 2.5 m.
    Preferably, the distance (E) between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.7 m and 1.9 m, and is preferably 1.8 m.
    Preferably, the distance (D) between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.2 m and 1.5 m, and is preferably 1.3 m.
    The calculation of the loads taken up by axle and by group of axles is modified, and the 50,000 kg authorized by law are reached with a shorter length of the vehicle (tractor vehicle 1 + semi-trailer 80). In addition, when leaving roads and / or motorways to work on a site, a quarry, etc., there is no longer any reason to comply with the legal requirements intended to protect the roadways and their foundations; the driver can at this time completely do without the presence of the last axle 8 by using an axle 8 which is preferably liftable. The maneuverability of his vehicle, (in particular its turning radius) is improved all the more. Other options are possible: a third directional axle 8 or a third tractor axle 8 (hydraulic or crank) can be provided during manufacture.
    Preferably, the first axis 9, the second axis 10 and the third axis 8 are all located in the same horizontal plane P. This characteristic is of course to be considered when the suspensions of the three axles are all subjected to substantially or exactly the same constraints, such as for example when the semi-trailer is stationary on a flat surface. Preferably, the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are mounted so that the distance (E) between the second axis 10 and the third axis 8 is fixed (that is to say non-modifiable) and in that at the distance (D) between the first axis 9 and the second axis 10 is fixed (that is to say non-modifiable). This characteristic is also to be considered when the suspensions of the three axles are all subjected to substantially or exactly the same stresses, such as for example when the semi
    BE2018 / 5443 trailer is stationary on a flat surface. We therefore preferably exclude the axles which can move back and forth from the semi-trailer (for example by means of a hydraulic system) or the axles which can tilt from a high position (wheels not touching the ground) towards a low position (wheels touching the ground) around a horizontal axis of rotation.
    Preferably, all the wheels mounted on the first axle, the second axle and the third axle have the same diameter.
    Preferably, the semi-trailer (80) comprises a bucket, said bucket preferably being tipping, that is to say provided with a lifting device. It can, for example, be a tipping body (backwards or to the side) or a tipping body.
    The present invention has been described in relation to specific embodiments, which have a purely illustrative value and should not be considered as limiting. In general, it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the examples illustrated and / or described above. The presence of reference numbers in the drawings cannot be considered to be limiting, including when these numbers are indicated in the claims.
    The use of the verbs "to understand", "to include", "to include", or any other variant, as well as their conjugations, cannot in any way exclude the presence of elements other than those mentioned.
    The use of the indefinite article "a", "an", or of the definite article "the", "the" or "the", to introduce an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of these elements.
    权利要求:
    Claims (14)
    [1]
    1. Three-axle semi-trailer (80) for a towing vehicle (1), the three axles consisting, in order and starting from the front to rear of the semi-trailer, of a first axle having a first axis (9), a second axle having a second axis (10) and a third axle having a third axis (8), characterized in that the distance (E) between the second axis (10) and the third axis (8) is greater than the distance (D) between the first axis (9) and the second axis (10).
    [2]
    2. Semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that E> 1.11D.
    [3]
    3. Semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that E> 1.22D.
    [4]
    4. Semitrailer according to claim 1, characterized in that E> 1,3.D
    [5]
    5. Semi-trailer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that E <4.D, preferably E <3.D, and more preferably E <2.D.
    [6]
    6. Semitrailer according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (D) between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.1 m and 1.5 m, and in that the distance (E) between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.6 m and 2.5 m.
    [7]
    7. Semitrailer according to claim 5, characterized in that the distance (E) between the second axis and the third axis is between 1.7 m and 1.9 m, and is preferably 1.8 m.
    [8]
    8. Semi-trailer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the distance (D) between the first axis and the second axis is between 1.2 m and 1.5 m, and is preferably 1.3 m.
    BE2018 / 5443
    [9]
    9. Semitrailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first axis (9), the second axis (10) and the third axis (8) are all located in the same horizontal plane (P).
    [10]
    10. Semitrailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first axle, the second axle and the third axle are mounted so that the distance (E) between the second axis (10) and the third axis (8) is fixed and in that at the distance (D) between the first axis (9) and the second axis (10) is fixed.
    [11]
    11. Semitrailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all the wheels mounted on the first axle, the second axle and the third axle have the same diameter.
    [12]
    12. Semitrailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third axle is a directional axle.
    [13]
    13. Semi-trailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the third axle (8) is a tractor axle.
    [14]
    14. Semi-trailer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a bucket, said bucket preferably being tipping.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1025048A1|2018-10-05|
    BE1025048B9|2019-08-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB2264468A|1992-02-25|1993-09-01|Colin John Ess|Goods carrying road trailer|
    US6240339B1|1999-02-26|2001-05-29|Freightliner Llc|Vehicle rear axle load relief method and system|
    EP1775203A2|2005-10-13|2007-04-18|Logi-d B.V.|Semitrailer|
    EP2522565A1|2011-05-12|2012-11-14|Schmitz Cargobull Gotha GmbH|Commercial vehicle trailer|
    WO2017216710A1|2016-06-13|2017-12-21|Masiero Spedizioni S.R.L.|An improved semitrailer.|
    法律状态:
    2019-08-28| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190724 |
    2021-05-31| RC| Pledge established (pawning)|Free format text: DETAILS PLEDGE: RIGHT OF PLEDGE, ESTABLISHED Name of requester: SAFFELBERG INVESTMENTS NV Effective date: 20210420 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE20185443A|BE1025048B9|2018-06-26|2018-06-26|SEMI-TRAILER FOR TRACTOR VEHICLE|BE20185443A| BE1025048B9|2018-06-26|2018-06-26|SEMI-TRAILER FOR TRACTOR VEHICLE|
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